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 Raymond EhlersHelen Caines Postdoctoral AssociateOak Ridge National Lab Jet-Hadron Correlations Measured in Pb--Pb Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\text{NN}}} = 5.02$ TeV with ALICEQuantum Chromodrynamics (QCD) describes the interactions of quarks and gluons. Due to asymptotic freedom, sufficiently high energy density can cause matter to transition to a deconfined state of matter known as the Quark-Gluon Plasma. As partons propagate through this QCD medium, which can be formed in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions, they lose energy and the resulting jets are known to be modified in a phenomena known as jet quenching. This thesis investigates potential path length... more Judith HoellerNicholas Read Postdoctoral AssociateTBDTopological quantization of Berry phases in quantum and classical systemsBerry phases are known to occur for a spin 1/2 in a slowly varying magnetic field in quantum mechanics, and for the polarization of light in a gently twisted optical fiber in classical optics. Such Berry phases take on continuous values. I describe two systems in which Berry phases are topologically quantized to discrete values: (1) cold atoms in accelerated optical lattices, and (2) dissipative two level systems coupled to radiation with a slowly varying phase offset. (1) Cold atoms in... more Luyao JiangJack Harris Wells FargoNonreciprocal dynamics in a cryogenic optomechanical systemNonreciprocity in various branches of physics has been studied for more than a century, e.g., from classical to quantum mechanics, and from particle to condensed matter. It is particularly interesting to consider nonreciprocal phenomenon in open (non-hermitian) systems. In this dissertation, I use a cryogenic cavity optomechanical system to demonstrate robust nonreciprocal interactions between two phononic resonators. The nonreciprocity, either transient or static, is realized via the cavity... more Norman LamJohn Murray Postdoctoral AssociateMITInhibitory Regulation of Cognitive Functions in Cortical and Thalamic Circuits: Computational Mechanisms and Experimental PredictionsCognitive behaviors fundamentally arise from the interactions of numerous neurons in the brain. However, while neuronal properties are well-characterized, how an ensemble of interconnected neurons acts is generally not apparent from the single-neuron dynamics. Computation in specific circuits of neuronal populations is known to reflect key variables in core cognitive functions, such as decision making, although the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. There thus are explanatory gaps... more Claudia LauCharles Ahn Structural characterization of epitaxial oxide heterostructures via X-ray scatteringThe impact of atomic-scale structural distortions on the transport properties of epitaxial thin film oxides and their interfaces is investigated through high resolution surface x-ray diffraction. The crystalline thin films studied are the metallic oxides (La,Sr)TiO3 and LaNiO3, the high mobility oxide BaSnO3, the high dielectric oxide LaInO3, and the ferroelectric oxide Pb(Zr,Ti)O3. Films were grown on SrTiO3 and DyScO3 commercial substrates by the physical vapor deposition techniques off-axis... more Catherine MatulisDamon Clark EngineerMathWorksContrast adaptation in Drosophila direction-selective circuitsIn visual systems, neurons adapt both to the mean light level and to the range of light levels, or the contrast. Contrast adaptation has been studied extensively, but it remains unclear how it is distributed among neurons in connected circuits, and how early adaptation affects subsequent computations. In this study, we investigated temporal contrast adaptation in neurons across Drosophila's visual motion circuitry. Several ON-pathway neurons showed strong adaptation to changes in contrast... more Shantanu MundhadaMichel Devoret Quantum EngineerQuantum Circuit, Inc.Hardware-efficient autonomous quantum error correctionThe promise of quantum speedup in information processing is not yet fulfilled in a useful quantum algorithm due to the susceptibility of quantum information to decoherence. This makes quantum error correction (QEC) a vital area of research. The vast majority of QEC protocols, however, come with an overwhelming hardware and software overhead. For superconducting quantum circuits, it is possible to minimize this overhead by hardware-efficient encoding in infinite dimensional Hilbert spaces of... more Kyungjoo NohLiang Jiang Quantum Research ScientistAmazon Web ServicesWebsiteQuantum computation and communication in bosonic systemsQuantum computation and communication are important branches of quantum information science. However, noise in realistic quantum devices fundamentally limits the utility of these quantum technologies. A conventional approach towards large-scale and fault-tolerant quantum information processing is to use multi-qubit quantum error correction (QEC), that is, to encode a logical quantum bit (or a logical qubit) redundantly over many physical qubits such that the redundancy can be used to detect... more Brooke RussellBonnie Fleming Owen Chamberlain Postdoctoral FellowLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory An Electron Neutrino Appearance Search in MicroBooNE with 5$\times$10$^{19}$ POTMicroBooNE is a single-phase liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) short-baseline accelerator neutrino experiment located at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory in the Booster Neutrino Beam. MicroBooNE's foremost scientific objective is to definitively resolve the low-energy excess of single shower electromagnetic events seen by the precursor MiniBooNE experiment. This thesis examines a small fraction of early MicroBooNE data. By leveraging fine-grained drifted ionization... more Tong ShuJames Rothman Postdoctoral AssociateInstitute of System Genetics in NYU School of MedicineMolecular Mechanisms of Regulated SNARE Assembly Revealed by Single-Molecule Force SpectroscopyNeurons in the brain communicate with each other by release of neurotransmitters at synaptic junctions. Neurotransmitter release is mediated by three membrane-anchored SNARE proteins (soluble N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor attachment protein receptors) and various regulatory proteins, including Munc13-1, Munc18-1, Synaptotagmin, complexin, NSF (N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor) and SNAP (soluble NSF attachment protein). By forming proper SNARE complex, SNARE proteins couple their folding... more Shilo XiaDavid C. Moore Chamberlain FellowLBNLSearch for Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay and Detector Physics Measurements with the Final EXO-200 DatasetLiquid xenon (LXe) is employed in a number of current and future detectors for rare event searches. This work presents the latest results from the EXO-200 experiment, which searched for neutrinoless double beta decay (0$\nu\beta\beta$) in $^{136}$Xe between 2011 and 2018. With upgraded hardware, increased exposure and analysis improvements, the detector resolution, sensitivity and final data limit were also improved over time. Taking advantage of a single-phase, large detector with good purity... more
 Tonima Tasnim AnannaMeg Urry Postdoctoral AssociateDartmouth CollegeACCRETION HISTORY OF AGN: X-RAY POPULATION SYNTHESIS MODEL & MULTIWAVELENGTH PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFTSA new X-ray population synthesis model, its physical implications, along with detailed analysis of AGN X-ray spectral parameter space are presented in this work. This population synthesis model uniquely fits all the newest observed constraints from high energy X-ray bands such as NuSTAR and Swift-BAT, and predicts a Compton-thick fraction of 50−56% in the local Universe. The new X-ray population synthesis model was computed using a neural network. Given an input distribution of AGN... more Charles BrownJack Harris Postdoctoral AssociateUniversity of California, BerkeleyOptical, Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Superfluid Liquid Helium Drops Magnetically-Levitated in VacuumThe field of optomechanics studies the interactions between light and the motion of an object. One of the goals in this field is to generate and control highly non-classical motion of a massive mechanical oscillator. There has been progress in generating such non-classical motion via coupling the oscillator to a qubit, or by utilizing the non-linearity of single photon detection. However, interest still remains in generating non-classical motion directly via the optomechanical interaction... more Christopher DavisReina Maruyama Senior Data ScientistCarMaxSearch for Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay with Majoron Emission in CUOREThis thesis describes a search performed at the Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE) for Majoron-emitting neutrinoless double-beta decays. A discovery of any form of neutrinoless double-beta decay would be of immense importance to the field of physics, as any mechanism by this decays occurs would require physics beyond the Standard Model. In addition, neutrinoless double-beta decays, including type I Majoron models, would show that lepton number is not a conserved... more James IngoldbyThomas Appelquist Postdoctoral ResearcherICTP in Trieste ItalyEFTs for Nearly Conformal Gauge TheoriesThe phenomena of electricity and magnetism, beta decay in radioactive nuclei, and the confinement of quarks within the proton can each be explained using the three different gauge theories which collectively make up the standard model. Alternative gauge theories display new kinds of exotic phenomena, which are not fully understood. For example, if the field content is chosen appropriately, a gauge theory is said to be in the conformal window, and can acquire conformal symmetry. In this case,... more